Sea Freight Import – Types and Dimensions of Shipping Containers

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Importing goods by sea is one of the most commonly chosen solutions in global trade. A key element of this process is selecting the right container. Understanding standard container dimensions allows importers to optimize transportation costs, avoid logistical issues, and effectively plan the supply chain. In this article, we present the most important information about sea containers, their types, and dimensions.

Types of Shipping Containers:

Standard Containers (Dry Van)

These are the most commonly used containers for transporting a wide range of goods.

• 20’ DV (Dry Van) – 20-foot container:

  • External length: 6.06 m

  • External width: 2.44 m

  • External height: 2.59 m

  • Capacity: approx. 33.2 m³

  • Maximum load: approx. 28,000 kg

• 40’ DV – 40-foot container:

  • External length: 12.19 m

  • External width: 2.44 m

  • External height: 2.59 m

  • Capacity: approx. 67.7 m³

  • Maximum load: approx. 27,000 kg

High Cube Containers (HC)

The main difference compared to standard containers is the increased height, allowing for more cargo.

• 40’ HC – 40-foot high cube container:

  • External length: 12.19 m

  • External width: 2.44 m

  • External height: 2.89 m

  • Capacity: approx. 76.3 m³

  • Maximum load: approx. 26,500 kg

Refrigerated Containers (Reefer)

Used for transporting goods that require controlled temperatures.

• 20’ RF (20-foot Reefer): Dimensions similar to 20’ DV, but with reduced usable capacity due to the cooling system.

• 40’ RF (40-foot Reefer): Similar to the standard 40’, but equipped with a refrigeration unit.

Insulated Containers

These containers have walls, doors, and roofs filled with a layer of mineral wool approx. 10 cm thick, effectively protecting the cargo from weather conditions. The interior is finished with MFP boards, ensuring durability and resistance to damage. They can be built from both new and refurbished units and can be equipped with electrical or hydraulic installations.

Open Top Containers

The key feature of Open Top containers is the open roof. Goods are secured with a tarpaulin fastened with a cord and customs seal. This design allows for the transport of cargo exceeding standard height and significantly simplifies loading and unloading. Ideal for transporting non-standard goods.

Bulk Containers

Specifically designed for transporting bulk materials such as coffee, malt, or oats. Loading is done through top hatches, while unloading is through doors. If the cargo does not fill the entire space, internal lashing points allow for secure fixation, minimizing the risk of movement during transport.

Flat Rack Containers

Flat Racks are designed for transporting very heavy and oversized cargo. They have no side walls or roof, which makes loading and unloading much easier. The floor is reinforced, and the end walls are firmly fixed, allowing for secure fastening and stacking of goods. Their robust structure makes them ideal for long-distance transport.

Full Side Access Containers

These containers have additional side doors that open along the entire length of the container, in addition to standard end doors. This makes loading and unloading easier, especially when accessing cargo at the back. There’s no need to unload the front section first.

Offshore Containers

Designed for the transport and storage of materials used in the oil and gas industry. Their construction is specially reinforced to withstand harsh working conditions, such as on drilling platforms. They are equipped with additional hooks to allow safe use in extreme marine environments.

Double Door Containers

These are standard containers with doors at both ends, providing easier access to the cargo and speeding up loading and unloading. They also come in High Cube versions (30 cm taller), allowing for the transport of larger cargo. Their mobility and functionality make them a popular choice in logistics.

How to Choose the Right Container for Transport?

When selecting a container for import, consider several key factors:

• Type of goods – perishable goods require refrigerated containers.

• Cargo size and weight – large or heavy items may require Open Top or Flat Rack containers.

• Cost optimization – a 40’ HC container offers more capacity with only a slight price difference compared to a standard 40’.

Summary

Choosing the right container is a key part of transport planning, impacting cargo safety, costs, and operational efficiency. Understanding container types and dimensions helps avoid logistical issues, optimize space, and speed up loading and unloading.

A well-selected container protects goods from damage and weather conditions and, in some cases, can be equipped with electrical or hydraulic installations. With a conscious choice, businesses can increase transport efficiency and reduce unexpected costs.

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